FET Exam

Cracking FET 2026 in One Month: Step-by-Step Guide for Conceptual Surgery 

by with No Comment Surgery

Estimated reading time: 6 minutes

You’ve got one month to prepare for FET. One month. And you’re aiming for a superspecialty seat through FNB programs. Sounds impossible, right? 

It’s not. But you can’t afford to waste a single day. 

The Fellowship Entrance Test isn’t like your usual medical exams. NBEMS didn’t design it to reward people who cram facts the night before. Surgery candidates especially—they’re looking for something different. Can you think through a clinical problem? Do you actually understand the concept, or did you just memorize it long enough to write it down? 

A lot of people preparing for NEET SS also take FET. Makes sense, it’s another door into superspecialty training. Sometimes the backup plan becomes the main plan. 

Here’s how you make one month work. 

What FET Actually Tests (And Why That Matters)?

Before opening a single book, understand what you’re walking into. 

FET gets you into FNB programs across specialties. For surgery, it’s not testing whether you remember facts. It’s testing whether you can work through clinical scenarios. Whether you understand why something happens, not just that it happens. 

People preparing for NEET SS Surgery often sit for FET too. Same reason—it’s another legitimate path into superspecialty training. 

The FET 2026 Exam Pattern 

You need to know the structure before you start studying. Otherwise you’re preparing blind. 

Here’s what you’re dealing with: 

  • Computer-based exam 
  • Multiple choice questions 
  • Total questions depend on the NBEMS notification 
  • Takes about 2–3 hours 
  • Everything’s in English 

What they’re really checking: 

  • Do you know the basics cold? 
  • Can you use that knowledge when it matters clinically? 
  • Is your understanding actually solid, or just surface-level? 

Go through old FET question papers. Look at the FET 2026 pattern if it’s available. You’ll start seeing what matters. 

The Surgery Syllabus: Too Much to Cover, So Don’t Try 

The FET syllabus for surgery is massive. There’s huge overlap with NEET SS Surgery content. But here’s the hard truth: in 30 days, you cannot cover everything. Trying to do that guarantees you’ll know a little about everything and not enough about anything. 

What you should actually focus on: 

  • General surgery basics 
  • GI surgery 
  • Hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery 
  • Colorectal surgery 
  • Surgical oncology fundamentals 
  • Trauma and critical care 
  • Perioperative management 
  • Surgical anatomy and physiology 

Depth beats breadth here. Always. 

Week-by-Week: How to Actually Use This Month 
Week 1: Stop Rushing, Start Building 

First week isn’t about questions. It’s about making sure your foundation isn’t shaky. 

Go through the high-yield topics. Use whatever concise notes or reference material you trust. Diagrams help. Flowcharts help. Decision trees, anything visual that makes the concept click and stay clicked. 

Good video lectures on conceptual surgery? Use them. But don’t get lost watching 50 different explanations of the same thing. 

What you’re after: Solid grasp of the topics that keep appearing in FET year after year. 

Week 2: Start Connecting Dots 

Now you solve problems. 

Pull out topic-wise MCQs from previous FET papers. Work through them, but don’t just check if you got it right. Connect what you’re reading in theory to what’s being asked in questions. 

Keep a running note of concepts that show up repeatedly. Track your mistakes. Write them down somewhere you’ll actually look at again. 

This is where knowing transforms into being able to use what you know. 

Week 3: Test Yourself Like It’s Real 

Take full-length mocks that mirror the FET 2026 structure. Not casually. Set a timer. Sit in one place. No phone. Simulate the actual exam as closely as possible. 

Then—and this matters more than the test itself—go through every single question afterward. Not just the ones you got wrong. All of them. Understand the logic. Understand why the wrong answers are wrong. 

At this level, one properly analyzed mock is worth more than five you just speed through for a score. 

Week 4: Lock It In 

Final week is not for learning new stuff. 

Review your short notes. Review your mistake log. Focus on the high-yield topics you know are tested frequently. 

Do not, seriously, do not pick up a new textbook or resource now. You’re tightening bolts, not building new furniture. 

What Actually Works (From People Who’ve Done This)?

Some tested advice for a one-month sprint: 

  • Go deep on fewer topics rather than skimming many 
  • Revise the same material multiple times instead of reading it once 
  • Pick two or three solid resources and stick with them 
  • Solve MCQs daily, but spend real time analyzing them 
  • Think like a surgeon making decisions, not a student recalling facts 
  • Study in focused bursts your brain can’t sustain 12-hour marathons for 30 days straight 
The Boring Admin Stuff You Can’t Ignore 

While you’re buried in surgery notes, don’t forget: 

  • Fill the FET application form properly and before the deadline 
  • Download your FET admit card as soon as it’s live 
  • Note down exam dates and any instructions 
  • Keep checking for FET result updates 

One missed deadline erases all your preparation. Don’t be that person. 

Why FET + NEET SS Makes Sense for Surgery Aspirants?

If you’re targeting SS Surgery, taking both FET and NEET SS isn’t overkill, it’s smart. 

NEET SS Surgery is brutal competition. FET opens up more seats through FNB programs. More seats, better chances. Simple math. 

Here’s What It Comes Down To 

Preparing for FET Surgery in 30 days isn’t about how long you sit with books open. It’s about how sharp your revision is and whether you can actually apply concepts under pressure. 

Focused preparation. Understanding the exam pattern. Using old question papers intelligently. Revising consistently instead of cramming desperately. 

That’s how you crack FET, even when the clock’s against you. 

Stay disciplined. Trust the process you’re following. And walk into that exam knowing you used every one of those 30 days well. 

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Dr. Prof. Anurag Mishra

How to Choose the Right Field and College: A Practical, No-Confusion Guide By Dr. Prof. Anurag Mishra 

by with No Comment Surgery

Estimated reading time: 5 minutes

Choosing your postgraduate field and college is one of those decisions that stays with you for life. Yet, most students reach this stage feeling unsure, anxious, and pulled in different directions by advice from seniors, parents, friends, and social media. 

Some say, “Take the best college you’re getting.” 
Others insist, “Never compromise on your branch.” 

So what should you really do? 

This blog breaks down a simple, logical, and very practical way to choose both your field and your college, based on how doctors actually think once they’ve spent years in practice. 

Course or College: Which One Comes First? 

This is usually the first dilemma. 

Imagine this: 
You introduce yourself and say, “I’m a surgeon.” 
Only later do you add where you studied. 

Your specialty becomes your identity for the rest of your life. The college matters, yes, but the branch defines your daily work, your lifestyle, your stress, and your satisfaction. 

A simple rule that works: 
  • If you are very clear about your dream branch → choose the course first 
  • If you are confused between multiple branches → a good college is a safer choice 

There’s no one-size-fits-all answer. Clarity about yourself is what matters. 

Step One: Understand Yourself Before Choosing Any Branch 

Every medical branch is good. 
But not every branch is good for every person. 

Before asking others which branch to take, ask yourself: 

  • What kind of life do I want? 
  • What excites me and what drains me? 
  • How much sacrifice am I realistically okay with? 

This is something no counselor or senior can answer for you. 

Step Two: List What Actually Matters to You 

Sit down and write your priorities. Don’t overthink it. Common factors include: 

  • Passion for the subject 
  • Money and financial stability 
  • Work–life balance 
  • Professional satisfaction 
  • Ease of practice after residency 
  • Opportunities in India 
  • Scope abroad 
  • How early you want to settle 
  • Respect and recognition 

Some people value money more. 
Some value peace of mind. 
Some want intense clinical work. 

None of these are wrong. 

Step Three: Decide What Matters More (This Is Crucial) 

Now comes the honest part. 

Give importance scores out of 100 to each factor—but keep this rule in mind: 

👉 The average should be around 50 

This forces real choices. 

If passion is extremely important to you and you give it 90, something else has to drop. Maybe work–life balance gets a 30. That’s how real life works. 

You can’t have everything at 90. 

Step Four: Rate Each Branch Based on Reality 

Now look at the branches you’re considering—medicine, surgery, radiology, or any others. 

For each branch, rate how well it fits your criteria: 

  • Does it actually give early settlement? 
  • Is the work–life balance truly manageable? 
  • How is practice after 10–15 years? 
  • What do people already in the field say? 
One important mistake to avoid: 

Don’t speak only to first-year residents. 

Also talk to: 

  • Senior residents 
  • Doctors 10–20 years into practice 
  • Faculty members 

Social media opinions are loud—but not always reliable. 

Step Five: Let Logic Do the Work 

Multiply: 

  • How important something is to you 
  • With how well the branch offers it 

When you add everything up, you’ll see something interesting: 
One branch naturally starts standing out for you. 

Not because it’s popular. 
Not because someone told you to take it. 
But because it fits your priorities. 

Now That the Branch Is Clear — How Do You Choose a College? 

The same thinking applies. 

Different colleges shine in different ways. 

Step One: Decide What You Want From a College 

Think about: 

  • Clinical exposure 
  • Work environment 
  • Teaching quality 
  • Brand value 
  • Research opportunities 
  • Technology and infrastructure 
  • Alumni network 
  • Bond rules 
  • Hostel and location 
  • Language and city comfort 

A surgical resident may value clinical load more. 
Someone else may value academics or alumni support. 

Step Two: Give Importance to Each Factor 

Again, be realistic. 
Residency is temporary—but its impact is permanent. 

Some discomfort is okay for two or three years. Some things aren’t. 

Step Three: Talk to the Right People 

For colleges: 

  • Speak to current residents (they know the ground reality) 
  • Talk to alumni (they know the long-term impact) 
  • Faculty can give insight into academics and future direction 

Online reviews help—but take them lightly. 

Step Four: Rank, Don’t Guess 

When you score and rank colleges honestly, the list becomes clear. 

No overthinking. 
No regret. 
No last-minute panic. 

Final Thoughts 

Big career decisions shouldn’t be made on: 

  • Random advice 
  • Fear of missing out 
  • “Everyone is taking this branch” 

When you take time to understand yourself, gather real information, and apply basic logic, your decision feels calm, even if it’s difficult. 

And that calm is a good sign. 

Choose what fits you, not what impresses others. 

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PDCET Exam

What is the PDCET Exam? Exam Date, Pattern and Why It Matters for Surgery Residents 

by with No Comment Surgery

Estimated reading time: 3 minutes

For diploma holders in Surgery, PDCET is not just another entrance exam. It is the exam that decides where you will train next, the kind of surgical exposure you will get, and the direction your career will take. 

After completing a post-diploma, most residents aim to enter DNB Surgery and continue higher surgical training. PDCET is the only pathway for that. A good rank means access to better institutions, stronger mentorship, and wider operative exposure. 

With PDCET 2026 scheduled on 12 April 2026, this is the right time to begin preparation with a clear plan and proper guidance. 

What is the PDCET Exam? Know in Detail 

PDCET stands for Post Diploma Centralized Entrance Test. It is conducted by the National Board of Examinations (NBE) for doctors who have completed their Post Diploma and want to pursue Post Diploma DNB courses. 

Surgery residents, this exam allows your entry into DNB Surgery (Post Diploma) programmes in government and private hospitals across the country. 

Simply put, PDCET is the exam that takes you from diploma training to advanced surgical specialisation. 

PDCET 2026 Exam Date 
  • Date: Sunday, 12 April 2026 
  • Mode: Computer-based examination 
  • Centres: Conducted at multiple centres across India 
PDCET Exam Pattern 

The paper is designed to test your understanding of core surgery and clinical decision-making. 

Component Details 
Mode Computer-based test 
Duration 2 hours 
Questions 120 multiple-choice questions 
Marking 4 marks for every correct answer 
Negative marking 1 mark deducted for every wrong answer 
Subject Surgery only 
Why is PDCET Important? 

PDCET is a turning point in a surgeon’s career. It determines: 

  • Where you will receive your advanced training 
  • The quality of operative exposure you will get 
  • The mentors who will shape your clinical thinking 
  • The confidence with which you step into independent practice 

A strong rank gives you better choices and stronger training centres. 

How Conceptual Surgery Supports Your Preparation?

Surgery is not a subject you can master by reading alone. It needs guidance, experience, and structured learning from teachers who understand both clinical practice and examination requirements. 

Conceptual Surgery is built to provide exactly that. 

What makes Conceptual Surgery different? 

High-quality video lectures 
Recorded exclusively by senior teachers with 35 to 60 years of experience as MS and DNB examiners. 

Clinical case demonstrations 
Real patient examinations, case presentations, and demonstration of clinical signs — just like in ward rounds and exams. 

Mentorship programmes 
Live interactive sessions, regular doubt-clearing discussions, and thesis guidance to support residents through every stage of training. 

A strong academic ecosystem 

  • 300+ years of combined teaching experience 
  • 30+ expert faculty members 
  • 5,000+ hours of learning content being added gradually 
  • Dedicated academic support from experienced professionals 

Conceptual Surgery is designed to help residents grow steadily — every day, every year, and throughout their surgical career. 

Final Thoughts 

PDCET is not just an entrance test. It is the foundation of your future as a surgeon. 

With the exam scheduled for 12 April 2026, this is the time to prepare with discipline, consistency, and the right mentorship. 

If you want to build strong concepts, sharpen your clinical judgement, and train under the best teachers, your preparation must begin now. 

And with the guidance of Conceptual Surgery, you can move towards PDCET with confidence and clarity. 

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Dr. Pawanindra Lal

How to Crack MS/DNB Short Cases: Inguinal Hernia Made Simple A Step-by-Step Guide by Prof. Dr. Pawanindra Lal

by with No Comment Surgery

Short cases in MS and DNB exams can be intimidating, not because they are difficult, but because one small mistake can cost you precious marks. Among all short cases, inguinal hernia is one of the most commonly asked, and also one of the most scoring, if approached correctly. 

In this blog, Prof. Dr. Pawanindra Lal breaks down exactly how examiners expect you to examine, present, diagnose, and manage a case of inguinal hernia. If you master this format, half your battle is already won.

Step 1: Start with a Focused History 

When the examiner hands you the case, the patient will usually say: 

“Doctor, I have a swelling in my groin.” 

That’s your cue to ask only the most relevant questions. 

The three most important questions: 
  1. Where is the swelling? 
    – Groin / extending into scrotum? 
  1. Since how long is the swelling present? 
    – Duration tells you whether it’s chronic or complicated. 
  1. Any events related to the swelling? 
  1. History of irreducibility 
  1. Abdominal distension with vomiting (suggesting obstruction) 
  1. Any emergency surgery in the past 
Look for causes that increase abdominal pressure: 
  • Chronic cough (COPD) 
  • Chronic constipation 
  • Straining during urination (LUTS) 

These are the most common contributing factors examiners expect you to mention. 

Step 2: Examination Must Be in Standing & Supine Position 

A hernia is best seen when the patient is standing. 

Always say: 

“I examined the patient in both standing and supine position.” 

Large hernias may already be visible in lying down position, but mentioning both positions shows proper clinical method. 

Step 3: Inspection — The Most Important Step 

On inspection, follow the classic 5 S’s of swelling: 

  • Site 
  • Size 
  • Shape 
  • Surface 
  • Surrounding skin 
What should you look for? 

✔ Is the swelling: 

  • Inguinal only 
  • Inguinoscrotal 
  • Completely scrotal (complete hernia) 

✔ Is there a visible cough impulse? 
This is a hallmark of hernia and is absent only in obstructed hernia. 

✔ Look for: 

  • Skin stretching 
  • Discoloration 
  • Deviation of penis 
  • Visible peristalsis (in large hernias) 
  • Surgical scars 
  • Umbilical hernia (always examine the whole abdomen) 
Important Differentials 

Not every scrotal swelling is a hernia. It could be: 

  • Hydrocele 
  • Testicular tumor 
  • Epididymal swelling 
  • Scrotal wall lesion 

So never jump to conclusions. 

Step 4: Identify the Type of Hernia on Inspection 

Use the pubic tubercle as your landmark. 

Hernia Type Position 
Indirect inguinal hernia Above & medial to pubic tubercle 
Direct inguinal hernia Bulge in Hesselbach’s triangle 
Femoral hernia Below & lateral to pubic tubercle 

A careful look can already give you a strong clue even before palpation. 

Step 5: Palpation — Confirm Your Findings 

Start with the 2 T’s: 

  • Temperature 
  • Tenderness 

Then confirm: 

  • Site of swelling 
  • Whether you can get above the swelling 
  • Whether pubic tubercle is palpable 

If you cannot get above the swelling, it is an inguinoscrotal hernia. 

Step 6: The Only Test You Need — Deep Ring Occlusion Test 

Forget finger invagination, Zieman’s test, or three-finger test. 
Examiners only want one test: 

Deep Ring Occlusion Test 

Prerequisite: Hernia must be reducible. 

Method: 
  1. Reduce the hernia completely 
  1. Occlude the deep ring with your thumb 
  1. Ask patient to cough or stand 
Interpretation: 
  • If hernia does not reappear → Indirect hernia 
  • If hernia still appears → Direct hernia 

If the hernia is irreducible, you cannot perform the test — and should clearly say so. 

Step 7: Final Diagnosis — This Is Where You Score 

Your diagnosis should be complete and structured: 

“This is a right-sided, complete, reducible, indirect inguinal hernia with enterocele.” 

Breakdown: 
  • Right sided 
  • Complete (reaching bottom of scrotum) 
  • Reducible 
  • Indirect (confirmed by deep ring occlusion test) 
  • Enterocele (bowel content — elastic feel) 

If doughy and partially reducible → likely omentocele 

Step 8: Management — Speak Like a Surgeon 

Your answer should show awareness of both modern and classical surgery: 

“Depending on the patient’s fitness and my training, I would offer laparoscopic repair (TAPP/TEP). If not suitable, I would perform open Lichtenstein tension-free hernioplasty.” 

This shows: 
  • Knowledge of current practice 
  • Practical surgical training 
  • Safe decision-making 
Final Words 

Short cases are not about showing off — they are about showing clarity, structure, and confidence. 

If you follow this exact format: 

  • Focused history 
  • Systematic inspection 
  • Logical palpation 
  • Correct test 
  • Clear diagnosis 
  • Safe management 

You will never fear an inguinal hernia short case again. 

As Prof. Dr. Pawanindra Lal rightly says — 
Once you understand the anatomy and follow the steps, the case presents itself. 

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General Surgery Residency

General Surgery After MBBS in India: A Branch That Teaches You Responsibility First 

by with No Comment Surgery

Estimated reading time: 5 minutes

General Surgery is not a branch people choose because it sounds easy. Most who step into it already know what’s coming—long hours, demanding seniors, emergencies that don’t care about your schedule, and a learning curve that keeps rising. 

In the beginning, it can feel relentless. You assist more than you operate. You stand for hours. You go home tired, sometimes frustrated. But slowly, something changes. You begin to understand anatomy in three dimensions. Your hands start remembering movements. Decisions start making sense. 

If you’re thinking about Surgery after MBBS, you’re probably not looking for hype. You want to know what degrees are available, how training actually feels, and whether the grind leads somewhere worthwhile in India. Let’s talk about it honestly. 

MS (Master of Surgery) in General Surgery 

MS – Master of Surgery in General Surgery is the most common postgraduate degree in Surgery in India. It is a three-year residency conducted in medical colleges recognised by the National Medical Commission (NMC). 

Surgical residency is demanding from day one. Your routine includes ward rounds, emergency calls, OPDs, and long hours in the operation theatre. Many days end later than planned, and many nights don’t really end at all. 

Training usually involves: 

  • Emergency surgical management 
  • Assisting and performing open surgeries 
  • Pre-operative and post-operative care 
  • OPD decision-making and ward work 

In the early phase, you may feel like you’re doing more service than surgery. But that groundwork matters. Surgery teaches patience before independence. 

Life After MS (Master of Surgery) General Surgery 

After completing MS General Surgery, most doctors work as general surgeons in hospitals. Many choose to do senior residency to improve confidence before independent practice. 

With experience, surgeons often: 

  • Join private or government hospitals 
  • Develop interest in specific surgical areas 
  • Prepare for super-specialisation 

General Surgery builds a strong foundation. What you do later often depends on how well you build this phase. 

DNB (Diplomate of National Board) in General Surgery 

DNB – Diplomate of National Board in General Surgery is awarded by the National Board of Examinations (NBE). Like MS, it is a three-year postgraduate program and is widely accepted in clinical practice. 

DNB Surgery training often takes place in busy hospitals with high patient load. This usually means: 

  • Early exposure to emergencies 
  • High volume of cases 
  • Learning under real pressure 

Many DNB residents become confident decision-makers because they manage patients closely from admission to discharge. 

Scope After DNB (Diplomate of National Board) General Surgery 

After completing DNB General Surgery, doctors commonly: 

  • Work as general surgeons 
  • Join emergency and trauma hospitals 
  • Enter academics after fulfilling eligibility norms 
  • Pursue super-specialisation 

In real-world surgery, outcomes and judgment matter more than degree labels. 

Diploma Courses in Surgery: The Current Situation 

Earlier, diploma courses like DGS (Diploma in General Surgery) existed. Over time, these have largely been phased out. 

Doctors who already hold diploma qualifications continue to practice, often with experience. For current MBBS graduates, MS or DNB Surgery is the more reliable and future-ready option. 

What Comes After General Surgery? 

Many surgeons choose to specialise further after postgraduate training. Common paths include: 

  • Gastrointestinal Surgery 
  • Surgical Oncology 
  • Urology 
  • Pediatric Surgery 
  • Vascular Surgery 

These are usually pursued through MCh (Magister Chirurgiae) or DNB Super-Specialty programs. 

Career Scope of Surgery in India 

General Surgery continues to have strong relevance in India. Emergency surgeries, abdominal procedures, trauma care, and basic surgical needs ensure that general surgeons are always required. 

Opportunities exist in: 

  • Government hospitals 
  • Private and corporate hospitals 
  • Nursing homes and surgical centres 

That said, Surgery is not a branch for shortcuts. Skill develops slowly, and confidence comes only with experience. 

Who Is Surgery Really Meant For? 

Surgery suits doctors who: 

  • Enjoy hands-on work 
  • Are comfortable making decisions under pressure 
  • Don’t mind long hours and physical fatigue 
  • Are willing to learn gradually 

It’s not a branch where results come fast. But when they do, they’re tangible and deeply satisfying. 

Final Thoughts 

Choosing between MS (Master of Surgery) General Surgery and DNB (Diplomate of National Board) General Surgery matters—but choosing Surgery with realistic expectations matters even more. 

If you’re ready for the hard work, the patience, and the responsibility that comes with it, Surgery offers a career where your skills directly save lives—sometimes in ways no one else can. 

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Dr. Amrit Nasta

Is Surgery the Right Branch for Your Residency? – An Honest, Real-World Guide By Dr. Amrit Nasta

by with No Comment Surgery

Estimated reading time: 3 minutes

Choosing a postgraduate branch is one of the biggest and most stressful decisions of your medical journey. With counselling results out and multiple rounds still to come, many of you are stuck with the same question:

👉 Should I take Surgery… or should I not?

Some of you may already have a surgery seat in hand and are seeking reassurance. Others are confused by what you’ve seen during internship — the long duty hours, exhausted residents, and stories of poor work–life balance.

This blog is for everyone standing at this crossroads.

Let’s talk openly about what surgical residency really looks like, the myths around it, what life is like after MS/DNB Surgery, and whether this field is truly right for you.

Why I Chose Surgery – My Journey?

I completed my MBBS from Grant Medical College & JJ Hospital, Mumbai, followed by MS Surgery from KEM Hospital (2011–2014). My All-India PG rank was 282, which meant I could choose nearly any branch — even Radiology or Medicine, which were top options at the time.

Yet, I deliberately chose surgery.

Not because it promised easy money or an easy life — but because:

  • I enjoyed hands-on work.
  • I wanted to do something tangible, not just consult or prescribe.
  • I loved the immediacy: you see a hernia, operate, and the problem is solved — no guesswork.
Reality of Surgical Residency

Let’s be honest — surgical residency is not easy.

At KEM Hospital:

  • We worked 18–19 hours daily.
  • Emergency duties stretched to 36-hour shifts.
  • Weekly emergency calls were intense.
  • Exposure was excellent but physically demanding.

Today, the residency workload has reduced slightly because many institutes now have more PG seats, distributing the duties better. But surgery still requires:

✅ Long hours
✅ Physical stamina
✅ Mental resilience

Residency is tough — but it’s also extremely rewarding for the right mindset.

Hands-on Exposure: The Truth

Many aspirants worry:
“If I take surgery, will I be operating enough?”

Here’s the real picture:

Emergency Work
  • Debridements
  • Amputations
  • Perforation laparotomies
  • Appendectomies
    👉 You get plenty of “cutting” here.
Elective Work
  • Hernias
  • Hydroceles
  • Basic open surgeries in early years
  • Laparoscopy exposure varies by institute

By the end of your 3 years:

✅ You become a qualified surgeon
❌ Not a fully independent surgeon yet

Monetary Reality

Surgery is NOT a “get-rich-quick” branch.

  • Surgeons usually start making good money in their mid-to-late 30s
  • Earlier years focus on skill-building more than income
  • Hospital charges do NOT directly equal surgeon income
  • Surgeon’s share ≈ 20–40% of case billing

But with volume and experience, overall earnings become strong.

Job Satisfaction – The Big Advantage

This is where surgery shines most.

✅ Immediate results
✅ Visible patient recovery
✅ Direct impact of your skills

Operating gives unmatched satisfaction:

You perform the procedure, and the patient feels better the very next day.

That sense of being the “hero of the story” is something medicine can rarely provide at the same intensity.

Who Should Take Surgery?

✅ You should consider Surgery if:

  • You enjoy hands-on work
  • You want action over theory
  • You seek visible results
  • You’re ready for delayed gratification
  • You can handle pressure and responsibility

❌ Think twice if:

  • You dislike emergency duties
  • You hate operating rooms
  • You want quick lifestyle comfort
  • You can’t handle complications or emotionally tough outcomes

Being neutral is okay. Having a dislike is dangerous — avoid the branch if that’s how you feel.

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NEET SS Preparation

Why Conceptual Surgery Is the Smartest Platform for NEET SS Aspirants

by with No Comment Surgery

Estimated reading time: 2 minutes

Dear aspirants, as NEET SS is almost one month away, most aspirants are worried about finishing the syllabus, revising effectively, and understanding what the exam actually expects.

So it’s not the time to go for a random resource; in fact, it is time to choose where choosing the right platform can completely change your preparation.

Conceptual Surgery has become one of the most reliable choices because it focuses on clarity, clinical understanding, and exam-oriented learning.

Why Conceptual Surgery Works So Well for NEET SS Preparation?
1. Lectures by Senior MS/DNB Examiners

The classes are created and taught by teachers who have been examiners for decades.
They explain how answers are evaluated, how to approach long questions, and what not to waste time on. This helps you study smart instead of studying randomly.

2. Strong Focus on Clinical Examination and Case-Based Learning

NEET SS is shifting more toward clinical thinking.
Conceptual Surgery helps you develop that skill through:

  • Clinical examination demonstrations
  • Case presentations
  • Clinical signs shown on real patients

This builds confidence for both the exam and future surgical practice.

3. Complete Exam-Oriented Preparation in One Place

You do not have to search for different resources elsewhere.
The platform includes:

  • Updated surgical guidelines and techniques
  • Viva and practical exam training
  • Theory notes and structured discussions
  • Live PG courses
  • Live MCQ discussions
  • Recent exam questions and solved papers
  • A detailed question bank for practice
  • High-yield pearls for last-minute revision
  • Hardcopy Clinical Examination in Surgery books
  • Live discussions on rare and important cases

Everything you need is organised in a way that is easy to revise and easy to follow.

4. Teachers With Real Experience in Exam Patterns

The faculty includes some of the most respected names in surgery.
They simplify complex concepts, share practical insights from decades of experience, and guide you on how to write answers that score.

Why Conceptual Surgery Stands Out as the Best Platform for NEET SS?
  • Structured and organised preparation
  • Clear explanation of high-yield topics
  • Strong clinical foundation
  • Reliable mentorship
  • Complete coverage of theory, clinical skills, and MCQs
  • Efficient revision tools for the last month

At this stage of preparation, clarity and direction matter more than anything else and Conceptual Surgery provides you both, which makes it one of the best choices for NEET SS aspirants who want a focused, practical, and effective preparation plan.

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Dr. Shailesh Gupta

Mastering Ward-Round Notes the Right Way: Explained by Dr. Shailesh Gupta

by with No Comment Surgery

Estimated reading time: 5 minutes

Ward-round notes are much more than routine documentation—they reflect how well you understand your patient, how deeply you assess their condition, and how professionally you present your clinical work. In this blog, Dr. Shailesh Gupta, the originator of the Mastering Beginning Session: Page-by-Page Lecture Series on Conceptual Surgery, explains the most scientific and effective way to write ward-round notes using the S.O.A.P. method.

Below is the complete explanation, translated into English and framed clearly as a blog.

Why Are Ward-Round Notes So Important?

Generally, when we write notes, what should be our priorities, what should be our pattern—this is what we will discuss.

Whenever we go to the ward and pick up any sheet, we see all kinds of notes. Some are written very well. Some are written roughly. Some have too much information. Some have too little information. So I am going to tell you what the best scientific method is for writing notes.

And why—because your note is a reflection of your clinical work. A note is the best way to can impress your seniors. Your notes show how extensively you examined the patient and how systematically you assessed the case. Ideal notes should be concise, should contain all relevant information, and should not miss anything. It is honestly the easiest way to impress your seniors.

The S.O.A.P. Method for Writing Medical Notes
S – Subjective

The protocol to be followed for writing medical notes is known as S.O.A.P.—S-O-A-P. The first part is Subjective.

Subjective means whenever you reach the bedside, your first question should be simple: “How are you feeling?”

As soon as you ask this, the patient will start telling you what they have gone through in the last 24 hours. It will be vague, emotional, and subjective. But you must not interrupt the patient. Listen carefully. They will tell you their entire story:
“I had a lot of pain yesterday… I vomited… then I did this… then this happened… and later I felt better…”
You must listen to the full story exactly as it is and note it down. That is subjective.

Once the subjective part ends, you understand how the patient describes their events.

O – Objective

Next comes Objective.

Objective means now you go deeper into what the patient told you. You ask pointed, specific questions.

For example, if the patient said in the subjective part, “I had a lot of pain and two episodes of vomiting,” then in the objective part, you ask:

  • When did the pain start?
  • How long did it last?
  • What made it better?

If the patient mentions vomiting, you ask:

  • When did the vomiting occur?
  • Did it start after eating?
  • What was the colour?
  • How did it stop?
  • How is it now?

These are objective questions—questions with specific answers.

If the patient said, “I had a fever at night,” the objective questions would be:

  • Did anyone measure it?
  • What was the exact reading?
  • How long did it last?
  • Did it subside after paracetamol?

This is how you convert subjective complaints into objective details.

A – Assessment

Assessment means your clinical examination—per abdominal, respiratory, local examination, etc.

For example:

  • After asking subjective questions and clarifying objective details,
  • You examine the patient and write things like “soft, non-tender abdomen,”
  • “Bilateral air entry present and clear.”
  • Local wound condition, and so on.

This is your assessment.

P – Plan

Plan means what you are going to do after talking to the patient and examining them.

For example, if the patient said they had vomiting, fever, and pain…
If, objectively, you find the vomiting was bilious with 4–5 episodes…
If there were two fever spikes…
And during assessment, you find the abdomen is distended…

Then your plan might be:

  • Insert an NG tube
  • Start IV fluids
  • Start antibiotics
  • Get an X-ray
  • Get a scan

The plan can be divided into parts:

  1. Change, addition, or removal of medications
  2. Imaging (X-ray, scan, etc.)
  3. Cross-consultations
  4. Any interventions planned (for example, possible return to OT next day)

This is how your plan should be structured.

How a Well-Structured S.O.A.P. Note Looks?

If you write notes using Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan, it will look beautiful.

Imagine your senior arrives and sees a note like:

  • Subjective:
    Patient seen by X Y Z, complaining of fever, vomiting, and pain… (and so on)
  • Objective:
    Fever of this grade returned to baseline after paracetamol… Pain was colicky… Vomiting was bilious, two episodes… (and so on)
  • Assessment:
    Per abdomen findings, chest examination, local examination… (as described)
Plan:

Insert NG tube, start IV fluids, supplement potassium, get CT scan done, monitor vitals, etc.

A good note should convey three things:

  1. You have seen the patient.
  2. You have made a plan.
  3. If someone else reads your note in your absence, they should understand the entire case.
Conclusion:

So do not forget the S.O.A.P. format for writing medical notes. 99% of people still don’t know how to write proper ward-round notes, but it is a very important skill to have.

To watch more insightful sessions, join Conceptual Surgery

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Pelvic Pain

Understanding Pelvic Congestion Syndrome (PCS) and Venous Thrombosis: The Overlooked Causes of Pelvic Pain

by with No Comment Surgery

Estimated reading time: 6 minutes

Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is one of the most challenging and often underdiagnosed conditions among women. While many causes are considered, like endometriosis, fibroids, or infections, one crucial and frequently missed reason is Pelvic Congestion Syndrome (PCS).

PCS arises due to ovarian and pelvic varicosities, leading to venous congestion within the pelvis. If not identified early, it can cause long-term discomfort and complications.

Who Is Most Commonly Affected?

If you don’t know, then we must tell you that the Pelvic Congestion Syndrome typically affects the premenopausal, multiparous women (especially for those who have given birth more than once), this is usually occurring between the ages of 40 and 45 years.

There were a lot of hormonal and physiological changes that happen during pregnancy can cause veins in the pelvis to expand and weaken, which gives resulting in poor venous drainage over time.

Want to know more? Then click here to watch the full recorded video – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VfrE81-hVXQ

Symptoms of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome

Women who have PCS usually it is present with chronic, dull, and non-cyclical pelvic pain. The pain often turns out to worsen:

  • After prolonged women face problems in standing or sitting
  • This also happens during or after sexual intercourse
  • Also affected in their premenstrual phase
  • Especially during pregnancy
Other associated symptoms include:
  • Menorrhagia is when you have heavy menstrual bleeding
  • Dyspareunia is the pain that happens during intercourse.
  • Lateral pelvic discomfort
  • Urinary symptoms or recurrent infections often occur in this.
  • Sometimes, visible vulvar or thigh varicosities

This is quite disturbing; the discomfort is not just physical but also affects the woman’s quality of life, which later on leads to anxiety, fatigue, and reduced activity.

Clinical Signs

During a physical examination, doctors may find:

  • Tenderness over the uterus and ovaries
  • Varicose veins on the vulva, inner thighs, or buttocks
  • Hemorrhoids or visible varicosities in the perineal region

These clues help direct attention toward vascular causes of pelvic pain, which are often overlooked.

Why Is Diagnosis Delayed?

Pelvic Congestion Syndrome is regularly diagnosed late because its symptoms are usually partly covered by other pelvic disorders like endometriosis, fibroids, or urinary tract infections.

The diagnosis is basically made after excluding other causes of chronic pelvic pain.

Investigations and Diagnostic Tests
1. Duplex Ultrasound

The first-line investigation is a Duplex Ultrasound, both abdominal and transvaginal.
It helps visualize the pelvic venous flow dynamically and is a rapid, accessible, and non-invasive outpatient test.

2. Advanced Imaging

If ultrasound reports findings are indeterminate, the following may be used:

  • MR Venography – it basically provides detailed imaging of pelvic veins.
  • Diagnostic Venography – it is basically considered the gold standard, as it perfectly visualizes the reflux and dilation of ovarian veins.
Management of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome

You know what the management of PCS includes: both medical and interventional approaches, which depend on symptom severity.

1. Psychotherapy

Chronic pain often alters pain perception. Psychotherapy helps patients cope by addressing the emotional and psychological impact of chronic pain.

2. Medical Management
Therapeutic ApproachExamplesPurpose
Hormonal TherapyProgesterone, Danazol, GnRH agonists, Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)Reduces venous dilatation and pelvic congestion
Pain ReliefNSAIDsIt provides symptomatic that give relief from chronic pain
3. Interventional/Surgical Treatment

The mainstay intervention is Endovascular Embolization.

  • Procedure: The dilated ovarian or pelvic veins are sealed using coils or sclerosing agents to stop reflux.
  • Advantages:
    • This is minimally invasive
    • It has lower perioperative morbidity
    • The recovery time is too Short 
    • There is a high success rate for symptom relief

After consolidation, the imaging often shows the resolution of pelvic varicosities, which leads to significant pain improvement.

Venous Thromboembolism: A Related Concern

There is a relatable concern about transitioning from pelvic congestion to a broader vascular concern, Venous Thromboembolism (VTE). It’s basically essential to understand how venous disorders can lead to some serious issues in your body.

VTE basically refers to the formation of a semisolid clot (thrombus) within the venous system, which can block blood flow and give the results of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE).

Complications of Venous Thrombosis
  • Immediate: there’s an immediate pain you may suffer with, along with swelling or redness in the affected limb.
  • Long-term: Development of post-thrombotic syndrome, which typically leads to chronic pain and venous insufficiency.
Etiology and Pathophysiology: Virchow’s Triad

The development of venous thrombosis is perfectly explained by Virchow’s Triad, which includes these things:

  1. Endothelial Damage – there is an injury to the vein wall, which is often due to trauma, surgery, or inflammation.
  2. Venous Stasis – inactive or static blood flow, which is very common and happens during immobilization or long hospital stays.
  3. Hypercoagulability – this is an increased tendency of the blood to clot due to assumption or acquired factors.
Predisposing Factors for VTE
CategoryExamples
HospitalizationMedical or surgical admissions
TraumaEspecially fractures of the pelvis or lower limbs
Pregnancy and PostpartumHormonal and venous changes increase clotting risk
MedicationsOral contraceptives, hormone therapy
Systemic ConditionsHeart failure, atherosclerosis, and postoperative immobility

Among these, endothelial injury remains the most critical risk factor, as it triggers inflammatory changes leading to a procoagulant surface that favors clot formation.

Inherited and Acquired Thrombophilia

You know? Certain individuals have a genetic tendency towards hypercoagulability (thrombophilia).
Examples include:

  • Resistance to activated Protein C
  • Factor V Leiden mutation
  • Prothrombin gene mutation

These conditions may not cause thrombosis alone but act synergistically with other risk factors such as surgery, immobility, or hormonal therapy.

Conclusion

You know that Pelvic Congestion Syndrome and Venous Thromboembolism are very different in presentation, which share a common ground in venous dysfunction.

On the other hand, the PCS manifests as chronic pelvic pain due to some venous dilation and reflux, and VTE, which presents as an acute or chronic thrombotic condition within the veins.

Early recognition of PCS can prevent unnecessary suffering and improve life quality through targeted therapies like embolization.

Similarly, understanding the risk factors and mechanisms of venous thrombosis allows clinicians to prevent life-threatening complications.

In essence, a comprehensive approach to pelvic and venous health, encompassing diagnosis, medical therapy, psychological support, and minimally invasive interventions, remains key to better outcomes for women affected by these underrecognized conditions.

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DNB Surgery

DNB in Surgery: Complete Guide to Exam, Training, and Career Opportunities

by with No Comment Surgery

Estimated reading time: 6 minutes

You know what, there is one question which is frequently asked among young doctors is, ‘What is DNB in Surgery?’ Especially when we talk about postgraduate surgical training in India, 

This is one of the most respected postgraduate qualifications, Diplomate of National Board (DNB) in General Surgery, which is identical in recognition and value to an MS (Master of Surgery) degree. However, it contains a training structure, an evaluation system, and an examination process that have their own unique features.

This is your ultimate guide that covers everything about DNB Surgery you need to know, from the DNB entrance exam to eligibility, training modules, the DNB examination, practicals, DNB theory papers, and career prospects after completion.

DNB Examination Structure and Process
1. What is DNB in Surgery? Understanding the Course

So basically, the DNB Surgery is a postgraduate surgical residency training program that is conducted by the National Board of Examinations in Medical Sciences (NBEMS). It’s a very structured program that is especially designed to train doctors in their fundamental surgical skills, which include operative decision-making and proper patient management across all major surgical disciplines.

The DNB qualification holds equal value to the MD/MS degrees awarded by universities and is recognized by the National Medical Commission (NMC) and the Government of India.

This makes it an excellent choice for aspiring surgery residents who want high-quality, hands-on exposure in real clinical settings.

2. Duration and Course Structure of DNB Surgery

The DNB General Surgery program is basically 3 years long for post-MBBS residents. Those who have already completed their postgraduate diploma in surgery can definitely pursue a two-year secondary DNB course.

Training Overview
  • Year 1: Basics of surgical anatomy, wound management, aseptic techniques, and first-assist experience in surgeries.
  • Year 2: Rotations through surgical subspecialties (urology, orthopedics, oncology, plastic surgery), involvement in emergency care, and DNB preparation for theory exams.
  • Year 3: Independent case management, advanced surgeries, research work, and OSCE training for final practical evaluation.

The surgery residency training program ensures that residents develop not just operative skills but also clinical judgment and research aptitude.

3. Eligibility Criteria for DNB Surgery

If a resident wants to pursue DNB Surgery, they must:

  • They should have an MBBS degree from a recognized medical institution.
  • With that, they should have permanent or provisional registration with the NMC or State Medical Council.
  • Residents need to qualify in the NEET PG examination, which basically serves as the DNB entrance exam for postgraduate medical seats in India.
4. Admission Process for DNB Surgery

Admission to DNB Surgery is concentrated and conducted by the Medical Counselling Committee (MCC), which is based on NEET PG scores.

Steps to Admission
  1. They need to qualify NEET PG / DNB entrance exam.
  2. Then they have to register for MCC counselling, which is officially under the DNB Post-MBBS category.
  3. Residents should be required to participate in the choice filling and locking of preferred hospitals or institutes.
  4. Their Seat allotment is typically based on NEET PG rank and seat matrix.
  5. The Document verification and joining are provided at the allotted center.

DNB training is offered across reputed NBEMS-accredited hospitals, including both government and private medical institutions.

5. Training Experience and Clinical Exposure

During the DNB Surgery training, residents gain subjection to multiple voluntary and emergency surgical cases in overloaded patients in hospitals. 

The key features of the DNB Surgery residency program are:
  • They need to gain experience in various surgical procedures in multiple departments
  • Residents need to actively participate in ward rounds, operating theaters, and the trauma unit.
  • It is very much compulsory in research and composition preparation.
  • They can also participate in OSCE courses and exam preparation sessions before the final practical exam happens.

Regular internal assessment and evaluation by an external examiner.

6. The DNB Examination Pattern and Evaluation

The DNB examination evaluates both theoretical knowledge and clinical competence. It is known for its depth, objectivity, and national-level uniformity.

A. DNB Theory Papers
  • There are 4 DNB theory papers, each carrying 100 marks.
  • The DNB Paper pattern includes both short and long-answer questions.
  • Topics include general surgical principles, gastrointestinal surgery, urology, plastic surgery, pediatric surgery, trauma, and anesthesia.
  • Residents must achieve a minimum of 50% aggregate to qualify for practicals.
B. Practical / Clinical Examination

You know, when the residents clear their DNB theory, they have to appear for the DNB OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) and Viva Voce as well. 

Residents know that OSCE training is very crucial at this stage, which typically involves simulation-based case discussions, medical image analysis, surgical instrument identification, and clinical decision-making exercises. 

The DNB OSCE ensures that each candidate has strong practical skills, awareness of patient safety, and effective clinical decision-making.

7. DNB vs MS in Surgery, Key Differences
AspectDNB in SurgeryMS in Surgery
Conducted byNBEMSMedical Universities
Training LocationAccredited hospitalsMedical colleges
EvaluationCentralized DNB examUniversity exams
ExposureHigh-patient-volume hospitalsStructured college setup
Difficulty LevelHigher (especially DNB theory papers and OSCE)Moderate
RecognitionEquivalent to MSRecognized by NMC

Both are recognized qualifications, and a DNB General Surgeon is equally eligible for super-specialty courses (MCh/DNB SS) and teaching positions across India.

8. Daily Life of a DNB Surgery Resident
A surgery residency is demanding yet deeply fulfilling. The day of a DNB trainee involves:
  • They have to go on early morning ward rounds
  • Residents have to give pre- and post-operative care
  • They have to assist and perform surgeries
  • Attending regular academic discussions and DNB preparation sessions
  • Residents have to prepare case presentations for the DNB exam and the OSCE course

The training nurtures precision, discipline, and decision-making, the core of every successful surgeon’s identity.

9. Career Opportunities After DNB Surgery
Upon completing DNB in Surgery, multiple paths open up:
  1. General Surgeon: Work in hospitals or private setups.
  2. Teaching Faculty: Eligible for Assistant Professor and higher academic roles.
  3. Private Practice: Build a specialized surgical clinic or group practice.
  4. Super-specialization: Pursue MCh or DNB SS in fields such as:
    • Urology
    • Surgical Oncology
    • Cardiothoracic Surgery
    • Neurosurgery
    • Plastic Surgery
  5. International Recognition: Many DNB graduates successfully qualify for PLAB, USMLE, or other global licensing exams.

The DNB qualification thus serves as a solid foundation for advanced SS preparation and global surgical careers.

Conclusion: The Pathway to Surgical Excellence

Can you imagine that pursuing a DNB in ​​Surgery is not just an academic option; it is a professional change.

Overall, the concentrated surgery residency, basically very much challenging the DNB theory, accurate DNB exams, and a practical OSCE course training, this program casts you into a surgeon who balances both of things like technology and science, as well as compassion and exactness.

It is quite difficult for those who put in the hard work and discipline, but you know, DNB Surgery proves to be one of the most rewarding journeys in modern medicine for residents. This program provides global opportunities for teaching, research, and super-specialization for secure their future.

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